SD4

Short Dark Tetrad (SD4)

The SD4 measures four closely related personality traits known in the research literature as the "Dark Tetrad": Machiavellianism (strategic, manipulative thinking), narcissism (feelings of grandiosity, need for admiration), psychopathy (impulsivity, rule-breaking, low fear), and sadism (enjoyment of others' suffering). Everyone has these traits to some degree -- this test places your level relative to a comparison sample; it is not a diagnosis of a personality disorder.

Comparison basis: 🎓 Student sample · Empiralis orientation range (not a validated cut-off)

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28 statements · ~6 min

This test is a self-exploration tool for subclinical personality traits that are normally distributed in the general population -- it is not a diagnosis of a personality disorder or clinical psychopathy, and does not replace an evaluation by a psychologist or licensed therapist. Please don't use the result to label yourself or other people. If these patterns are causing distress for you, your relationships, or people around you, talking with a licensed therapist can help.

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